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Getting climate, energy & environment news right.

Conservatives have been vocal about our climate for years. Those voices won’t be ignored any longer.

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As wind and solar become larger shares of America’s power generation, the private sector is advancing solutions to address the intermittency of these power sources. While lithium-ion batteries are a leading technology, startups are also creating designs that use clay bricks to store heat for industrial processes and storage systems that rely on abundant metals like zinc. As the need for energy storage increases, companies are also looking underground to meet future power needs. 

>>>READ: e-Zinc Offers Solution to Long-Duration Energy Storage Challenge

Underground salt caverns are one promising avenue to meet the energy demand of the future. Predominantly located in Gulf Coast states, salt caverns mostly house oil reserves for emergency use (the Strategic Petroleum Reserve). These unique geological repositories could be a useful mechanism to store clean energy. 

Here’s how it works: after locating a salt dome, companies drill a mile underground to reach it. After drilling is complete, engineers flush the hole with water to slowly erode the salt deposit to form a cavern. Hydrogen gas produced from renewable energy sources via electrolysis is then pumped into these salt caverns and stored until it is needed in power generation or manufacturing. 

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The potential capacity of salt cavern storage is enormous. A single cavern planned for the Advanced Clean Energy Storage ACES project in Delta, Utah will be able to store over three times more energy than all the utility-scale batteries installed in the U.S., according to The Wall Street Journal. 

Green Hydrogen International, which is working on an underground storage project In South Texas, estimates that using batteries alone for the amount of storage it expects to generate would require over 38,500 Tesla Megapacks and cost $59 billion. Green Hydrogen’s salt caverns, on the other hand, have a projected cost of $150 million, according to the company.

>>>READ: Is An Underground Hydrogen Boom Coming?

“What we’re trying to do is take renewables and make them oil-and-gas scale,” Brian Maxwell, CEO of Green Hydrogen International, told The Wall Street Journal. “You think of [the caverns] as a big underground battery.”

Outside of salt caverns, another innovative solution comes from Renewell, a company based in Bakersfield, California. The startup is transforming idle oil and gas wells into gravity energy storage systems. The U.S. has as many as three million abandoned wells which are environmentally hazardous and emit planet-warming methane into the atmosphere.

Renewell’s patented technology, Gravity Well, suspends a 3,000-pound weight in these wells using a cable. To store energy, excess electricity from renewables raises the weight. Then, when that energy is needed, the weight is lowered, discharging the stored potential energy back to the grid.

The benefits of Renewell’s approach are compelling. At scale, they estimate the energy storage cost at just $5 per kilowatt-hour (kWh), a tiny fraction of current battery costs which hit a record low of $139 per kWh in 2023. By using existing energy infrastructure, the company can scale up its solution quickly and does not need to build additional energy facilities. 

The company has partnered with the Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy to deploy its gravity energy storage systems in the U.S. Renewell hopes to commercially deploy 25 of its storage rigs by the end of 2025. 

As energy demand increases and regulators warn about grid reliability, underground storage may have an important role to play in shoring up the grid and keeping energy affordable.

Former President Trump recently pledged to end offshore wind projects “on day one” of his administration through an executive order. At a campaign rally in New Jersey, he said offshore wind projects “destroy everything, they’re horrible, the most expensive energy there is … They ruin the environment, they kill the birds, they kill the whales.” (Note: wind projects do kill birds and bats but not whales.)

>>>READ: Biden Administration’s Tariffs Will Hurt Consumers and Clean Energy Deployment

When pressed to describe what precisely his Executive Order would do, his campaign declined to comment. But Trump has never been shy about expressing his animosity toward wind power. As he said at a recent event at Mar-a-Lago, “I hate wind.” 

Trump’s comments bring to mind the guidance that he should be taken seriously but not literally. Fair enough. But perhaps there are times when he should be taken neither seriously nor literally. 

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Trump’s fanciful crusade against wind power is reminiscent of the famous early 17th-century Spanish novel Don Quixote about a common man who loses himself in an imaginary, delusional and fantastical chivalrous crusade. The novel gave us the popular phrase “tilting at windmills” which depicts Quixote’s battle against windmills he thinks are giants and the word “quixotic” which is defined by Webster’s as “foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals; marked by rash lofty romantic ideas or extravagantly chivalrous action; capricious or unpredictable.”

Don Quixote was The Princess Bride of its time. The Princess Bride turned fairy tale conventions on their head. Don Quixote did the same for medieval chivalry.  

To Trump, offshore wind is the giant – the manifestation of the socialists, the radical environmental left that must be owned, thwarted, and defeated before they destroy our country. We can’t play nice and play by the rules, you see. We must be tough and ban them before they ban us! Ok, Donald J. Quixote. 

Trump’s argument is ridiculous. Wind power is as old as human civilization and is not ideological. Was the wind that caught ancient Egyptian sails 3,000 years ago liberal wind? Were the Dutch windmills that pioneered climate adaptation in the 14th and 15th centuries by pumping water part of a globalist conspiracy?

Now, in Trump’s defense, the left has made wind power ideological by demanding it be subsidized. It’s also true that wind power is expensive, and it’s fair to critique the left for having its own delusional faith in wind power’s ability to displace other forms of baseload power. But delusions are best countered by reality, not counter-delusions. Wind power skeptics should let market competition prove them right. But they should also be prepared to be proven wrong when wind power makes sense economically or even aesthetically (i.e. farther offshore near oil rigs).  

>>>READ: Politicizing American Energy Is a Costly Mistake

The best response to the authoritarian left’s delusional “everything but fossil fuels” posture isn’t “everything but wind and solar” but an “all of the above” strategy that allows free people to invest in whatever energy technology meets a need in particular times and places. The other phrase for that approach is “economic freedom,” which is vastly better for the environment and economy than top-down approaches in which politicians pick winners and losers based on their whims. 

Trump can and should do many things “on day one” to correct the Biden administration’s mistakes on energy policy (such as lifting Biden’s ban on liquified natural gas exports and expediting permitting) but charging at windmills is not one of them.

Charlotte Salley of TheCoolDown reports on Albertsons’ campaign to reduce food waste.

The C3 Take
  • 40% of food (equivalent of 240 million slices of bread) in the U.S. is wasted each year, with the majority of this waste happening in homes.
  • Albertsons is looking to reduce food waste in communities and its stores by donating excess food, selling surplus at discounts, and using AI to better forecast inventory needs.
  • The company is also working to educate consumers to reduce waste.

“‘So there’s all of these examples where this is good business. In fact, we would do these things for our business regardless of whether they were better for the planet or our communities — but what a wonderful thing that they are better for both.'”

Read the full article here.

Bill Spindle reports for Cipher News about potential breakthroughs in solar.

The C3 Take
  • Researchers in Australia and Singapore are unlocking advancements in solar power to make their energy source more efficient.
  • One breakthrough is TOPCon (tunnel oxide passivated contacts) which scientists are hoping will lead to solar panel that produces power more than 30% of the time.
  • In Singapore the Solar Energy Research Institute is looking into ways to deploy solar offshore and in inland waterways and reservoirs.

“Starting over a decade ago, the institute set up hundreds of sunlight sensors across the city state and began continuously measuring irradiance, the amount of sunlight that makes it to Earth as clouds come and go. Those measurements now constitute a massive data record that researchers, and Singapore power generators and grid operators, use to predict solar power output five minutes to seven hours ahead.”

Read the full article here.

Akshat Rathi and Will Mathis of Bloomberg report on an Australian hydrogen startup.

The C3 Take
  • Hysata, an Australian startup, has raised $111 million from investors to scale up its efficient electrolyzer technology that can produce emissions-free green hydrogen from electricity at a lower cost by avoiding the formation of bubbles through a unique capillary action design.
  • Capillary action, which is used by trees, is when a liquid in a narrow space can rise against the force of gravity.
  • The company’s electrolyzer claims to achieve an energy efficiency of 95% in converting electricity to hydrogen, significantly higher than current commercial electrolyzers at around 75%, resulting in potential double-digit cost savings.

“The machines apply electricity to water and split the compound into its constituent elements of hydrogen and oxygen. It’s quite easy to make an electrolyzer at home that generates small quantities of hydrogen. All you need is two pieces of solid metal, some wire, salty water and a source of electricity.”

Read the full article here.

Dan Primack and Ben Geman of Axios report on a vaccine to reduce cow farts and burps.

The C3 Take
  • Cow burps are estimated to contribute to 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions.
  • ArkeaBio’s claims its vaccine is safe and cost-effective and significantly reduces methane production in a cow’s digestive track.
  • The company received $26.5 million from Bill Gates-backed Breakthrough Energy Ventures.

“Methane is much more potent than is carbon dioxide, in terms of its trapping atmospheric heat, although it also dissipates down faster.”

Read the full article here.

Avi Salzman of Barron’s reports on Exxon’s exploration in direct air capture.

The C3 Take
  • Exxon is experimenting with a direct air capture unit at its refining and chemicals facility in Baytown, Texas.
  • Direct air capture has potential to be a significant solution in addressing climate change, but abatement costs with the technology are high ($600-$1,000 per ton of CO2).
  • Exxon is looking to cut this cost in half to increase wide-scale deployment, although it still exploring how it will do so.

“Unlike many of the climate-related projects Exxon is undertaking, this plant is highly experimental. Exxon has previously said that its low-carbon businesses like biofuels and lithium-mining need to make double-digit returns. Direct air capture, by comparison, is more of a space-age science experiment for now—one that may pay off or fade away. The company isn’t disclosing how much it’s spending on the project.”

Read the full article here.

Eric Boehm of Reason reports on Biden’s tariffs.

The C3 Take
  • President Biden has introduced stringent tariffs on Chinese EVs, semiconductors, port equipment, and medical gear, including syringes and rubber gloves.
  • While he claims that this will benefit American workers, it will increase costs for consumers (who are also workers) and hurt the administration’s own environmental goals.
  • To lower costs for consumers, boost the economy, and lower emissions, the U.S. should turn to open markets and free trade.

“It is a decision that reflects the muddled economic thinking that has defined Biden’s time in office. It is a promise to raise taxes on Americans who want to purchase products the president disfavors, one that cuts directly against the same president’s own environmental goals, all wrapped up inside silly election-year rhetoric.”

Read the full article here.

Data centers are one of the fastest-growing industries worldwide, especially with the rise of AI. According to the International Energy Agency, data centers could double their electricity usage in the coming years, reaching 1,000 terawatt hours in 2026. AI has the potential to drive economic and environmental progress in unprecedented ways, but the data centers also require enormous amounts of water and energy. Addressing the resource challenges will be critical to ensure the long-term sustainability of the industry.

>>>READ: Tech Giants Are Looking to Power the Cloud with Nuclear Energy

One challenge data centers present is the large amount of water that is needed to keep servers cool. In 2021, Google used an average of 450,000 gallons of water daily at each of its centers. A survey from Savills notes that European data centers can put a strain on local water supplies, with liquid cooling accounting for approximately 20% of the total European cooling market.  

Nautilus Data Technologies is addressing these water use challenges with innovative designs. Nautilus has created a floating barge data center that pulls water from the ocean to cool servers. The company has also launched a land-based cooling system called EcoCore, which they can add to existing facilities. EcoCore uses Nautilus’ patented closed-loop water-cooling system which results in no additional water or chemical use. It also operates on 30% less power than leading competitors. 

With three locations in the country, Nautilus is setting up a multi-megawatt center with Start Campus, a green data center campus, in Sines, Portugal, the company’s first outside of the U.S. Nautilus is also planning to launch its floating data center designs in projects Marseille, France and with AltaSea at the port of Los Angeles, California. 

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Waste heat, which is the excess produced by IT equipment and servers during operations, also brings challenges to the data center industry at large, but the private sector is stepping up to address this.

In Denmark, data centers owned by Meta and Microsoft are being developed to redistribute surplus heat from the centers to regional heating networks. One example includes the Tietgenbyen heat pump plant in the city of Odense which will recover 175,000 megawatt hours of heat from Meta’s data center and use it to provide heat for over 12,000 homes.  Designed by Ramboll, the system involves a range of heat exchangers combined with pumps and piping.  The larger the data center, the greater the distance the heat can be transported and reused. Fashion retailer H&M has indicated that it plans to build a new data center capable of heating over 2,000 apartments, while Apple aims to use waste heat for office buildings.

>>>READ: 4 Ways AI Will Deliver Energy and Environmental Benefits

Qarnot Computing, based in Montrouge, France has taken a slightly different approach. It places small banks of computers to expel heat into homes and other buildings. Residents and tenants get free heat, while the computer capacity is sold to corporate clients. According to Qarnot, the minimum scale on which it can operate involves an apartment building housing 20 units but the company is aiming to provide heat to individual homes. As of 2020, nearly 1,000 social housing units were heated by Qarnot.

As the use of data centers rapidly expands, the private sector around the world is working to meet the industry’s massive energy and water needs. The investments made today could pay dividends down the road by driving down the cost of sustainable technologies.

Angela Youngman is a long established freelance journalist and author based in the UK specialising in business, sustainability, travel, tourism, leisure, food & drink.

Rep. Brandon Williams (R-NY) and Chris Barnard write in The Hill about the importance of conservative leadership in the climate discussion.

The C3 Take
  • Conservatives have a long and storied history of environmental leadership and stewardship.
  • While the issue of the environment was dominated by progressives for several years in the early 2000s, conservatives have begun to retake the issue by passing legislation to accelerate energy innovation, fund research and development, and protect our environment.
  • Durable climate solutions will require bipartisan buy-in which is why everyone should celebrate conservative leadership on the issue.

“Our belief is that conservatives can not only champion these energy solutions but lead this crucial conversation into the future. American energy dominance is not at odds with addressing climate challenges. In fact, it’s our best solution.”

Read the full article here.

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