"The United States desperately needs to hasten the development of supply chains for critical minerals that don’t involve China and Chinese companies for both commercial and national security interests. Unfortunately, current policies, including regulations from the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), are doing exactly the opposite. They are hurting demand for electric vehicles, the very products that will incentivize the development of these supply chains. Instead, Washington needs to unleash the power of the US market by removing barriers to accessing capital, fast-tracking manufacturing, providing high-level diplomatic support, and promoting domestic demand."

"The rollout of major export restrictions for graphite, gallium, germanium, rare earth extraction, and separation technologies in less than one year should be a powerful signal to U.S. policymakers that although they are late to the critical minerals game, there is a significant need to both build domestic capabilities and leverage international cooperation to facilitate rapid sourcing and developing of processing capacity."